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CURRENT ISSUE

Volume 4, Number 1

Special Double Issue

Fall 2026

Editors' Introduction (Vol 4, No. 1)

Robert Eli Sanchez Jr. & Carlos Alberto Sánchez  

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After a brief hiatus, we are pleased to introduce a special double issue of the Journal of Mexican Philosophy. Editing a journal is demanding and is more difficult when it is independently operated without a staff, as is the case of our journal. So we are especially grateful to our Editorial Team for helping us get through this rough patch, especially to Manuel Vargas and Clinton Tolley and James Maffie.

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The first part our double issue was originally intended to be a special issue of JMxP, introduced by our guest editor, Sergio Armando Gallegos-Ordorica. Although no longer a separate issue on its own, the first four papers of Volume 4 were originally presented at UCSD to commemorate the 100th anniversary of José Vasconcelos’s birth. As our readers already know, Vasconcelos was one of the most provocative and systematic philosophers of 20th century Mexican philosophy—if not the most provocative—and these papers represent the leading scholarship on a philosopher who continues to challenge and provoke us. It is our pleasure to publish this set of papers here.  

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The second part of our double issue includes two essays: In the first, Suárez Gómez and Imaz argue that Edmundo O’Gorman’s concept of historical “invention” develops a philosophy of history according to which historical realities are not simply discovered as fixed facts but are constituted through acts of interpretation and narration, which are subject to change. In the second, Sánchez-Antonio reconstructs the Zapotec philosophical worldview in which darkness and light are complementary primordial forces whose dynamic unity, mediated by vital breath, grounds the structure and ongoing balance of reality. This essay serves in part to help to diversify our knowledge and understanding of indigenous philosophies across the Americas.

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In addition to the above two papers, readers will appreciate James Maffie’s essay-length review of a new work on Aztec philosophy, How to Be Grateful: An Aztec Guide to the Art of Gratitude (Princeton University Press, 2025). We are also excited to introduce what we consider a new genre of philosophical writing: the “book prospective.” Give the recent surge of interest in Mexican philosophy, we are also witnessing an increase of the number of translations of Mexican philosophy. However, as anyone who has tried their hand at it knows, translating a text faithfully is a long, laborious effort that can take years—requiring multiple drafts, occasions to test drive the translation, time for friends, colleagues, and students to share their feedback, and so forth. One danger of the amount of time required to translate is that we sometimes discover that more than one of us is working on translating the same text, which conflicts with our aim to make as much of the best Mexican philosophy available in English as possible. In that spirit, we plan to give translators an opportunity to announce their translation to the world—so long as they are working diligently on it and are far enough along—so that other scholars thinking about translating the same text might choose another or choose to collaborate with those already working on the translation. And, of course, our goal is also to generate some anticipation for the new translation. So, for this issue, we are featuring an in-progress translation of Antonio Caso’s La Existencia Como Economía, Como Desinterés Y Como Caridad (1943), undertaken Juan Carlos Gonzalez & Alexander Stehn.

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We are grateful for all the contributors and hope you enjoy this extended issue of JMxP.

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The Editors,

Carlos Alberto Sánchez & Robert Eli Sanchez

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ISSN 2831-4190

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Guest Editor's Introduction

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SPECIAL ISSUE ON THE 100 ANNIVERSARY OF THE PUBLICATION OF LA RAZA CÓSMICA

The following four papers were delivered at the conference for the 100th anniversary of the publication of Jose Vasoncelos' La raza cosmica at UC San Diego, fall 2025.

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SERGIO A. GALLEGOS ORDORICA

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Articles – Artículos

FROM LA RAZA CÓSMICA TO ASPECTS OF MEXICAN CIVILIZATION: DISCREPANCIES OR CONTINUITIES IN VASCONCELOS’ THOUGHT

This paper argues that José Vasconcelos’s La raza cósmica (1925) and Aspects of Mexican Civilization (1926) form a unified philosophical project rather than presenting a contradictory shift in thought. Despite differing surface rhetorics of conflict versus collaboration, both texts share deep structural continuities centered on a productive, spiritual opposition between Latin and Anglo-Saxon Americas. You can read more about this analysis by visiting the original source.

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SERGIO A. GALLEGOS ORDORICA

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IMAGINED COMMUNITIES BEYOND NATIONALISM:

FROM THE FLORENTINE CODEX TO MESTIZAJE

This paper challenges Benedict Anderson’s 18th-century timeline of nationalism by tracing the pre-Columbian, 17th-century colonial, and 19th-century community concepts that shaped José Vasconcelos’s "mestizaje." By demonstrating how these historical social imaginaries sequentially influenced one another, the author argues that despite its Pan-American intent, "mestizaje" is a quasi-nationalist concept, proving that nationalism is not a wholly modern phenomenon.

 

SOFÍA ORTIZ-HINOJOSA

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HIJOS DE LA RAZA CÓSMICA:

A CHICANO THEOLOGY AND PHILOSOPHY OF LIBERATION

This essay examines how Chicano leaders reinterpreted José Vasconcelos’s La raza cósmica to build a liberating, inclusive theology that resisted American oppression and rejected rigid cultural, political, and philosophical dualisms.


ALEXANDER V. STEHN

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HOW TO READ LA RAZA CÓSMICA

The first edition of José Vasconcelos's La raza cósmica appeared in 1925. Although the book is recognized as a classic of twentieth-century Latin American philosophy, its interpretation has been much debated. In order to achieve a better understanding of the work, five discursive levels are distinguished within the text: the struggle between the two Americas, the destiny of South America, the relations between human races and miscegenation (mestizaje), the philosophy of history, and the travel memoir.

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GUILLERMO HURTADO

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HISTORY AS INVENTION:

EDMUNDO O’GORMAN’s PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY

This article analyzes Edmundo O'Gorman’s philosophy of history, treating his signature concept of "invention" as a transversal epistemological category that redefines both historical knowledge and America's ontological status. Additionally, it positions O'Gorman within the broader field of the philosophy of history, demonstrating how his insights on realism, historical facts, imagination, and narrative enrich both classical and contemporary historiographical debates.

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AINHOA SUÁREZ GÓMEZ AND MARIANA IMAZ

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ZAPOTEC PHILOSOPHY:

STRUCTURE AND FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS

Zapotec philosophy is anchored in the absolute unity of opposing forces like light and darkness (xi-quèla) and fire and water. By studying Mesoamerican cosmogonies and Juan de Córdova’s 1578 linguistic records, this study explores the worldview of the binnigulaza (people of ancient light). It demonstrates how a third articulating element, the vital breath (pe-tào), sustains the perpetual movement of these opposites to maintain cosmic balance and make life possible. Ultimately, the essay argues that this complementary relationship between dual forces forms the foundation of Zapotec thought.

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JUAN CARLOS SÁNCHEZ-ANTONIO

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Book Précis

ANTONIO CASO’S LA EXISTENCIA COMO ECONOMÍA, COMO DESINTERÉS Y COMO CARIDAD (1943)

Précis of upcoming work.

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JUAN CARLOS GONZALEZ & ALEXANDER STEHN

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Book Review

REVIEW OF HOW TO BE GRATEFUL:
AN AZTEC GUIDE TO THE ART OF GRATITUDE

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Translated and introduced by Frances Karttunen and

Camilla Townsend

Princeton University Press, 2025

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Reviewed by JAMES MAFFIE  

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